在备考雅思阅读的过程中，会遇到一些长难句，很多烤鸭往往无从下手，理解起来有难度，没有找到方法。为了帮助烤鸭解决这个难题，本文将用雅思例题分析阅读长难句结构，希望对烤鸭们有所帮助。

1.A homeowner can get hurt trying to use the wrong kind of extinguisher onan electrical fire.

结构：全句只有1个谓语动词：can get。句子主干是：A homeowner can get hurt。trying to use the wrongkind of extinguisher on an electrical fire是一个现在分词结构，在句中作条件状语，修饰谓语动词. Try to dosomething是一个固定用法，表示“试图，试着做某事” 。

翻译：如果业主在电气火灾中使用了错误的灭火器，可能会受伤。

2.Bolenciecwcz was staring at the floor, trying to think, his huge handsrubbing together, his face red.

结构：全句只有1个谓语动词：was staring。trying tothink是一个现在分词短语作伴随方式状语，表示主语Bolenciecwcz在staring的同时还在trying tothink。同时，后面的两个独立主格结构his huge hands rubbing together和his face red也是伴随方式状语。

翻译：伯伦西维茨盯着地面，试图思考，他搓着大大的双手，脸色通红。

3.Facing the Atlantic, it is on the northeastern coast of the UnitedStates, and most of the city is built on islands.

结构：全句有2个谓语动词：is和is built。整个句子由两个完整的单句组成。句首的现在分词短语Facing theAtlantic在句子中作方式状语。

翻译：它面临大西洋，坐落于美国的东北海岸线，其城市的大部分建设在岛屿上。

4.He sat in front of them, dressed in a plain, ill-fitting suit, nevermoving, his dusty face masking his age.

结构：全句只有1个谓语动词：sat。句子主干是：He sat in front of them。dressed in a plain,ill-fitting suit是过去分词短语作伴随状语，而nevermoving是现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示主语在sat时的伴随状态。同样，独立主格结构his dusty face masking hisage也是伴随状语。

翻译：他坐在他们前面，穿这一身朴素的不合身的衣服，纹丝不动，满面的风尘遮住了他的实际年龄。

5.Freed from TV, forced to find their activities, they might take a ridetogether to watch the sunset.

结构：全句只有1个谓语动词：might take。句子主干为：they might take a ride。Freed from TV和forced tofind their activities是两个过去分词短语，在句中作条件状语。

翻译：如果不看电视又不得不另找些活动，他们可能会一起骑车去观日落。

6.Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today,maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses.

结构：全句只有1个谓语动词：are employed。句子主干为：Over 800 full-time thatchers areemployed。其中，maintaining，renewing the old roofs 和thatching newerhouses是三个并列的现在分词短语作伴随状语。As well as 表示并列。

7.After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or enduredjust as you chose to look at it.

结构：全句有2个谓语动词：was和chose。句子主干为：eighty was a special birthday。Anotherdecade是birthday的同位语，后面的lived or endured是过去分词作后置定语修饰decade。最后是as引导的状语从句。

翻译：毕竟，八十大寿是一个特殊的生日，是又生活了十年还是忍受了十年全凭你选择怎么去看待了。

8.But at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to acontinuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights ofanimals in research from the organizations that deserve no say.

结构：全句有2个谓语动词：would distinguish和deserve。句子主干是：they would distinguish theorganizations…from the organizations that…。其中，entitled to a continuingvoice是过去分词短语作为后置定语修饰第一个organizations。其后是一个复杂的介词短语，其主干是in the dialoguewith…about…。that引导的定语从句修饰第二个organizations。并且，还应注意到整句话的主要结构：distinguish…from…。

翻译：但是，至少他们会分辨出哪些组织有资格与研究机构继续进行对话，就科研活动中的动物的权力发表意见，而哪些组织不应进行这种对话。

9.Registering for classes, becoming familiar with the buildings on campus,buying books, adding and dropping classes, and paying fees are confusing foreveryone.

结构：全句只有1个谓语动词：are。值得注意的是这一句话的主语是5个并列的动名词短语： Registering, becoming familiar,buying books, adding and dropping classes, and payingfees。并且，在系动词are后的confusing是一个现在分词形式，具有形容词的性质，意为“把人搞乱的，令人糊涂的”。

10.Spending all their time working to a rigid curriculum, the passing ofexaminations by their pupils gradually became the whole object of their workinglife.

结构：全句只有1谓语动词：became。句子主干为：the passing of examinations became the wholeobject。句首的现在分词短语Spending all their time working to a rigidcurriculum在句子中作原因状语。注意the passing ofexaminations表示通过考试，其中examinations应该是passing的宾语，这种结构很常见，如：the hunting of theanimal等。句子末尾的working是现在分词作为形容词修饰life，表示“工作生活”。

翻译：他们把自己的全部时间都用于按照苛刻的课程表进行授课，学生能通过考试已经渐渐变成他们自己授课工作的全部目标。

11.Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied,fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching mychances of getting the job were slim.

结构：全句有3个谓语动词：applied，did和were。其中主句的是：applied。句子主干为：I applied。句首的并列的现在分词短语Beingvery short of money和wanting to do something useful作原因状语，fearing 实际上是一个伴随状语，as Idid so是as引导的一个时间状语从句。that引导的是fearing的宾语从句。

翻译：由于手头很缺钱，同时也想干点儿有用的事，我就提出了申请，但在申请时我也担心，自己没有文凭也没有教学经验，得到这份工作的希望是很渺茫的。

12.They also bring together in one display a group of object drawn fromvarious parts of the museum in an effort to represent the whole life-style of aregion or a historical period.

结构：全句只有1个谓语动词：bring。句子主干为：They also bring together a group ofobject。其中，过去分词短语drawn from various parts of the museum作为后置定语修饰a group ofobject。句子后半部分的介词短语in an effort to…是句子的目的状语。

翻译：他们还聚集了一批来自博物馆的各个部分的展品，放在一场展览中展出，力图展示代表了一个地区或一个历史时期的生活方式。

13.The problem is how museums can continue to serve as storehouses fortreasures while encouraging public to enjoy visiting them.

结构：全句有2个谓语动词：is和 can continue。句子主干为：The problem ishow。how引导的是一个表语从句。其中，现在分词短语encouraging public to enjoy visitingthem作为伴随状语，表示museums在continue的同时还能够encouraging。 .

翻译：问题是博物馆怎样既能起到珍品宝库的作用，同时又能公众乐于参观。

以上是在雅思阅读中频繁出现的长难句结构，烤鸭们一定要针对相关的语法项目加强练习，才能在考试中灵活应对。